An illuminated medallion of a gazelle — the Pesach offering — in gold, indigo and pomegranate red
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5787 Tractate Pesachim

Chabad yeshivas study one tractate in depth each year, on an eight-year cycle. This year every Chabad yeshiva is learning Pesachim — 240 pages, from the start of Elul through to the celebration on finishing it.

שואלין ודורשין בהלכות הפסח קודם הפסח שלשים יום
One asks and expounds the laws of Pesach thirty days before Pesach — Pesachim 6a
5787 · Pesachim 5788 · Kiddushin 5789 · Bava Metzia 5790 · Shabbos

Where the tractate sits in the Talmud

The Talmud is arranged in six orders. Pesachim is the third tractate of Seder Moed — the order dealing with the festivals.

How Shas is arranged — and who arranged it

Around the year 200 CE, Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi — known simply as Rebbi — gathered the Oral Law, until then not written down, and redacted it into the Mishnah. He divided it into six sedarim (orders): Zeraim (agriculture), Moed (the festivals), Nashim (marriage), Nezikin (civil law), Kodashim (the Mikdash), and Taharos (purity). Each seder holds a set of masechtos — sixty-three in all.

Over the next three centuries the Amora'im of Bavel debated and expanded the Mishnah. Around the year 500 CE, Rav Ashi and Ravina collected those discussions, arranged them by masechta beside the Mishnah they explain, and sealed them as the Gemara. Mishnah and Gemara together are the Talmud Bavli — the Shas a bochur opens today.

Not every masechta of the Mishnah has Bavli Gemara. Zeraim has it only on Berachos; most of Taharos has none. Of the six sedarim, Seder Moed — where Pesachim sits — is the seder of the festivals, and the one a yeshiva reaches early.

Shabbos24Eruvin10Pesachim10Shekalim8Yoma8Sukkah5Beitzah5Rosh Hashanah4Taanis4Megillah4Moed Katan3Chagigah3
Why the name is plural Two explanations are given for the plural name: that the tractate was once two separate works — one on the Passover offering, one on the rest of the festival — joined together by the Geonic period; or that it covers the two dates on which the offering could be brought, 14 Nissan and the second Passover on 14 Iyar.
Where Berachos fits Berachos is the first tractate of the Talmud, but it belongs to Seder Zeraim — and in the Babylonian Talmud it is the only tractate of that order carrying Gemara. A learner therefore goes from Berachos straight into Seder Moed at Shabbos.
The gap at Shekalim Shekalim, the tractate immediately after Pesachim, has no Gemara in the Babylonian Talmud — which is why printed editions carry the Jerusalem Talmud in its place.
Why Pesachim sits where it does
Within an order the tractates run largely from longest to shortest, counted in chapters. Seder Moed opens with Shabbos at 24 chapters, then Eruvin and Pesachim at 10 each, and runs down to Moed Katan and Chagigah at 3. Eruvin sits beside Shabbos for a second reason as well: its subject, carrying between domains, continues Shabbos directly — the two were likely one tractate before being split for length.
How the tractate is built
The tractate has three parts. Chapters 1–4 deal with leaven — searching for it, destroying it, and the day before Passover. Chapters 5–9 move to the Passover offering as it was brought in the Temple. Chapter 10 is the Seder night itself. 121 pages in all — one of the longer tractates in this order.
Worth knowing On the tenth chapter, the commentary running alongside the text is largely Rashbam's rather than Rashi's — 802 of his comments fall from page 99b onward.

The tractate, chapter by chapter

Ten chapters, 240 pages. Open any chapter at its first page — or go to the full index of every page.

1 On the Evening of the Fourteenth The search for leaven on the night before Passover eve — how it is done, and how ownership is given up. אור לארבעה עשר 2–21 2 For the Entire Time Until when leaven may be eaten, and the ban on deriving any benefit from it. כל שעה 21–42 3 These One Transgresses Mixtures containing leaven, and the duty to remove them. אלו עוברין 42–50 4 A Place Where the Custom Was Local custom and its binding force; working on the eve of Passover. מקום שנהגו 50–57 5 The Daily Offering Is Slaughtered The order of the Passover offering in the Temple, and the daily offering before it. תמיד נשחט 58–65 6 These Override Shabbos Which parts of the Passover offering override Shabbos — and which do not. אלו דברים 65–73 7 How Does One Roast? Roasting the offering, and the laws of ritual impurity affecting the community. כיצד צולין 74–86 8 A Woman Who is counted in the Passover group — the woman, the servant, the minor. האשה 87–92 9 One Who Was Impure The second Passover — for one who was impure or far away at the time. מי שהיה טמא 92–99 10 On the Eve of Passover The Seder night: the four cups, matzah and bitter herbs, Hallel, the afikoman. ערבי פסחים 99–121
For the teacher
Prepare on the page itself. Open the commentaries you want, hide the rest, and print it as a source sheet for class.
For the student
Every commentary on the page, in the order of the printed page — and a translation on demand when the Hebrew is hard.
For the whole class
The early authorities in dialogue — laid out in the order they argue with one another.
240pages
36commentaries
17,326comments, each in place
1,797Chassidus
ע·EHebrew & English
Open page 2 — the start of the tractate Or browse all 240 pages
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